Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a prevalent problem for children and adolescents undergoing amputation due to cancer treatment.The symptoms are wide ranging from sharp to tingling.PLP in children typically lasts for a few minutes but can be almost constant and can be highly Filter Bio-Media distressing.This focused review describes the characteristics,
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction causes muscle wasting in many diseases and probably also during aging.The underlying mechanism is poorly understood.We generated transgenic mice with unbalanced mitochondrial protein loading and import, by moderately overexpressing the nuclear-encoded adenine nucleotide translocase, Ant1.We found that these mice p
Herbaceous plants rely on a combination of turgor, ground tissues and geometry for mechanical support of leaves and stems.Unlike most angiosperms however, ferns employ a sub-dermal layer of fibers, known as a hypodermal sterome, for support of their leaves.The sterome is nearly ubiquitous in ferns, but nothing is known about its role in leaf biomec
Root hair size determines the surface area/volume ratio of the whole roots exposed to the nutrient and water pools, thereby likely impacting nutrient and water uptake rates.The speed at which they grow is determined both by cell-intrinsic factors like hormones (e.g., auxin) and external environmental signals like nutrient availability in the soil (